資訊管理展望，第九卷，第一期，2007年6月
從資訊處理觀點探討領域知識對管理者應用財務資訊行為之影響，朱博湧 林裕淩 黃俊源
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醫院採用高階主管資訊系統之經驗與探討，黃興進 陳啟元 徐義德
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電子商務網頁內容配置共通性之研究-以1000個女性購物網為例，唐震
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資訊安全認知評量表之研究，蕭瑞祥 曹明玉
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XML綱要自動映對技術之研究，趙景明 蕭貞貞
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在無線廣播的環境提供省電之適應性查詢，林聯發 陳協志 黃淵科
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從資訊處理觀點探討領域知識對管理者應用財務資訊行為之影響，朱博湧 林裕淩 黃俊源
為了有效率的制定決策，管理者經常要花費很多的時間來重新建構所獲得的資訊，本研究利用心理學家研究人類行為時，經常採取之原案分析（protocol analysis）方法，嘗試探討管理者在使用財務資訊時的心智歷程中，管理者的專業背景與財務經驗多寡，是否影響其財務資訊使用之行為。實驗結果顯示，同時具有財務資訊處理能力與領域知識的管理者，他們在過濾無用資訊以解決非結構性問題的能力上，確實較其他僅具備領域知識，或甚至亦未具備領域知識者更有效率；而即便只具備領域知識者，其解題品質也高過於未具備領域知識者，這說明了領域知識對於企業經營管理具有相當程度的重要性。決策者是否具備領域知識與財會背景，在使用財務資訊模式之決策者行為有顯著之差異；領域知識與財會背景具過濾不相關資訊之功能，冀望能以此實證結果為指引，推論出運用財務資訊，改善決策品質的各種可能途徑，以縮短財務資訊與管理者認知之間的差距，提升決策績效。
關鍵字：心智模式、領域知識、行為會計、原案分析法、人類問題解決
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醫院採用高階主管資訊系統之經驗與探討，黃興進 陳啟元 徐義德
近年來，許多的醫院管理者面臨到「如何提升醫院競爭力」的課題。由於高階主管資訊系統（Executive Information Systems, EIS）能夠輔助高階主管之管理活動，進而提升醫院競爭力，因此了解如何導入EIS至醫院中是相當值得探討的議題。基於EIS的研究多見於其他產業，是否適用於醫療產業尚未可知，是以本研究透過多重個案訪談從廠商與醫院的角度，以高階主管之觀點，研究醫院EIS導入的過程。研究發現有：發展EIS之主要動機乃是為了取得即時且準確的資訊、EIS之使用者包含院長層級及科室主管層級管理者、高階主管的支持為發展EIS主要的關鍵成功因素；發展EIS遭遇之困難有：與醫院現有的資訊系統的整合，以及EIS測試上線時的資料驗證等；高階主管之資訊需求係透過多種方式取得；普遍重視財務資訊。
關鍵字︰高階主管資訊系統、資訊科技、醫院、個案研究
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電子商務網頁內容配置共通性之研究-以1000個女性購物網為例，唐震
網頁介面常是決定瀏灠者去留的關鍵要素之一，理應利用有限的視覺空間設計最佳的配置結構，以提供網頁重要訊息，增加內容曝光率，進而充分剌激點閱率。本研究採用內容分析法，藉由1000個女性購物網站為樣本，針對目前多數網站中的45個主要項目單元加以歸類，得出電子商務網頁配置，其中一般項目單元9個共通性及特殊項目單元5個共通性原則；藉由相同位置配置原因分析，得出一般項目單元配置平面圖；以及項目單元與產品類型之相關分析，得出女性產品類型中，以流行服飾配件與名牌精品，在相關性最高的項目單元中，位置配置相似度度最高。以此為依據，另找10個男性購物網站驗證，確實發現項目單元具有位置導向特性，而且全部共通性支持平均比例達0.76，研究結果提供電子商務網頁規劃方針，及設計同中求異或者異中求同之網頁依據！
關鍵字：電子商務、網頁配置、女性購物網
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資訊安全認知評量表之研究，蕭瑞祥 曹明玉
現今企業組織越來越依賴資訊科技，引發對資訊安全議題的重視，目前資訊安全相關文獻缺乏從「人員」為出發點，探討組織內人員資訊安全認知的程度高低之評量與改善的研究。
本研究目的以NIST SP800-16「ABC’s of Information Technology Security」的26項概念為基礎，衡量受訪者是否有資訊安全概念之基本意義與內涵的認知。經過一連串的評量表設計步驟後，實施量測以驗證此評量表之適用性。經驗證有以下幾項結果： (1)人員有無受過資訊安全相關訓練，其資訊安全認知水準會有一定程度的差距；(2)將認知程度區分成低、中、高三個等級，針對中低程度的認知概念進行加強；(3)分析評量表問項的難易度高低。本研究之評量表可作為提供資訊安全訓練導入參考的依據，並評量人員在受過資訊安全訓練後認知成效高低。
關鍵字：資訊安全、資訊安全認知，資訊安全認知評量表
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XML綱要自動映對技術之研究，趙景明 蕭貞貞
綱要映對是指將兩個綱要的元素做語意和結構上的對應，是綱要整合的重要工作，綱要映對在資料庫相關領域應用非常廣泛，例如：資料整合、電子商務、語意查詢處理等。以前大部份的綱要映對研究偏重在關聯式的資料模式上，較少對XML文件做處理。近年來順應全球資訊網的發展，愈來愈多研究偏重在XML文件以及XML綱要DTD的轉換和映對上，但以XML Schema做映對的研究仍屬少數。而且大部份的綱要映對研究都是半自動產生映對，需要部份人工輔助。因此，本研究探討XML綱要映對的相關方法及問題，並以綱要映對為基礎，提出一個XML Schema的自動綱要映對架構，藉由XML Schema豐富的內容及混合的比對方法，更精確的比對出綱要之間的映對關係。
關鍵字：XML綱要、綱要映對、綱要整合
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在無線廣播的環境提供省電之適應性查詢，林聯發 陳協志 黃淵科
廣播技術經常被使用在無線資訊系統來進行資料散佈 (data dissemination)。然而，由於行動裝置受制於電池電力，加上無線通訊的昂貴費用，對行動通訊使用者(mobile user-MU)而言，無法一直連線抓取資料。此外，MU 本身具移動性(mobility)，不會在一個基地台( base station)的服務範圍待太久，當MU 離開基地台的服務範圍，就無法存取該基地台所提供的查詢資料。因此一個好的無線廣播資訊系統須能主動告知MU適當的存取行為(access behavior)，使得 MU 能夠將有限的電力作最好的利用，儘快蒐集足夠滿足查詢需求的資訊，快速回應給MU。本篇論文提出一個完整的機制，使行動通訊使用者在行動環境中有效率的存取廣播的資料，希望能發展一種利益導向(benefit-oriented)的資料擷取協定，讓行動通訊使用者能夠快速抓取所需的資料。
關鍵字：行動計算，無線通訊，資料管理，資料廣播，廣播磁碟
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Journal of Information
Management, Vol. 9, No.1, June. 2007
Abstract
The Effects of Domain Knowledge on Managers’ Financial Information Application Behavior:An Information Processing Perspective
Po-Yung Chu
Yu-Ling Lin
Chun-Yuan Huang
Managers usually have to spend a lot of time in restructuring enormous data to meet their needs for effective decision making. For the reason, several financial scholars have been motivated to study “behavioral finance” or “behavioral accounting” lately, so more efficient ways to organize and present information to facilitate managers’ decision making. In this study, the protocol analysis method generally used to study human behavior by psychologists is adopted to identify manager’s financial information application behavior. Two factors, domain knowledge and professional financial working experience which might influence the human financial information processing behavior, are structuralized in the research design. The empirical results suggest that domain knowledge and professional working experience function as a filter to screen out unrelated data to facilitate decision makers’ efficient information process.
Keywords: Mental Model, Domain Knowledge, Behavioral Accounting, Protocol Analysis Method, Human Problem-solving
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Experiences and Investigation of Adopting the EIS in Taiwanese Hospitals
Hsin-Ginn Hwang
Chi-Yuan Chen
Yi-De Xu
Management of hospitals in Taiwan receives great pressure of various kinds in recent years. To survive in present fierce environment, every hospital has to struggle for enhancing competitiveness of the hospital. With the advantage from use of the Executive Information Systems (EIS) being applied in industries, an important current issue is how to successfully employ EIS inside hospitals by leading personnel. In the past, a lot of EIS related research has been conducted. However, it is questionable if the obtained experiences could be useful for developing EIS for hospital use. For this reason, case studies by a public hospital and two EIS suppliers were conducted. The data collection involved site visits and interviews with the management of the public hospital and the two EIS suppliers. In such cases, we found that (1) to get precise timely information for the management is the main purpose of adopting EIS, (2) users of EIS are not limited to CEOs of hospital, (3) the critical factor for successful EIS projects is the support from the top management, (4) difficulties faced in the development of EIS include the integration of it with existing hospital information systems, verification of information provided by EIS, (5) top management information needs to be derived in multiple ways, and (6) the top management is more focused on financial information regarding the hospital.
Keywords: executive information systems (EIS), information technology, hospital, case study
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A Study on the Common Attributes of the E- Commerce Website Layout – Using 1000 Woman Online Shopping Sites
Jenn Tang
Web page interface used to be a critical factor for people to determine whether browsing much longer time. It is no doubtable to utilize the limited visual space to design the optimal structure of layout since it might hope to provide more important message as possible and increase the exposure as well fully stimulate the hit rate. This study makes use of the content method and the samples of 1000 woman shopping sites. Then, to obtain the electronic commerce web pages layout which are classified from 45 major item units that designed by most web sites currently. Among them, there are totally 9 item units for general common attributes and 5 item units for special common attributes after analysis. We also get the web page sketch by analyzing the general item units. Besides, according to relative analysis between item units and products type, for the woman products classification, the dress with accessories and brand with quality goods have the highest similarity at position layout among the highest relation of item units. In addition, we take another 10 man shopping sites to evaluate the position oriented layout attributes. It is found the totally average agreement rate for 0.76 which mean our conclusion can provide the guideline to plan the electronic commerce or good reference to design the differential style web pages.
Keywords: Electronic Commerce, Web Page Layout, Woman Shopping Site.
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A Study of the Development of Information Security Awareness Scale
Ruey-Shiang Shaw
Ming-Yu Tsao
Today enterprises and organizations in the world depend on Information Technology more and more, which arouses managers thinking highly of the issues on information security. References for information security nowadays are deficient of the notion taking “people” as a threshold into consideration, and few are researching the level of information security Awareness of the personnel in the enterprise the scale and improve it.
Regarding twenty-six concepts of “ABC’s of Information Technology Security” of NIST Special Publication 800-16 as the basis of the development of information security awareness scale, it measures them whether people have the knowledge of basic significance of the concepts of information security, and meanwhile verifies the applicability of this scale. After a series of steps in designing the scale, we verify the scale’s availability from the testes’ reaction to understand his or her discrepancy on information security knowledge. After verify, this research reveals as follows. (1) Were the staff taking training on information security related, his or her information security knowledge level would have difference to some extent. (2) Mark off the level to three diverse ranks, low, middle, and high. The organization could be aimed at the middle-below grades to go forward another phase of advocacy and reinforcement. (3) Analyze the degree of difficulty of the scale.The scale is used to measure staffs in the department the level of information security awareness and supports the basis to do information security training in the future. And it is able to verify people the degree of effects after they have taken some training of information security.
keywords: information security, information security awareness, information security awareness scale
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Automatic Mapping of XML Schema
Ching-Ming Chao
Chen-Chen Hsiao
Schema mapping, which is an important task of schema integration, makes elements of two schemas matching semantically and structurally to each other. Schema mapping is used widely in the relative domain of database, such as data integration, electronic commerce, semantic query processing and so forth. There are many researches in schema mapping. Most of them put great emphasis on relational data model but seldom on XML data model. Currently, the developing of the World Wide Web has increased the researches in XML document and in translating and mapping of DTD. But there are still few researches in mapping of XML Schema. Moreover, most schema mapping is typically performed manually, perhaps supported by auxiliary information. Therefore, we study the approaches and questions of XML Schema mapping and propose a schema-based approach, which can match XML Schema automatically. Through the rich content of XML Schema and the well-composed mapping approach, we can produce more accurate mapping results.
Key words: XML Schema、Schema Mapping、Schema Integration
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Support of Energy-Conserving Adapive Queries for Wireless Broadcast Environments
Lien-Fa Lin
Hsieh-Chih Chen
Yuan-Ke Huang
Broadcast technology has become a popular method for data dissemination in wireless information systems. However, the higher wireless communication cost and power of mobile device is limited. It is not suitable for mobile user continuous listening to public channel access data. In addition the mobility of the mobile user, cause the mobile user will not stay at a base station too long. When mobile user leaves from the original base station such that he can not access data from base station Therefore a broadcast strategy needs to actively tell the mobile user (MU) a suitable access mode for retrieving the broadcast data.
In this paper, we propose a more complete mechanism for mobile clients to efficiently and effectively access broadcast information. Our goal is to develop a benefit-oriented retrieval protocol so that a mobile user can retrieve more valuable broadcast information by consuming less power of a mobile device.
Keyword: mobile computing, wireless communication, data management, data dissemination, broadcast disk
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