資訊管理展望，第八卷，第二期，2006年12月
線上測驗系統的評分機制及回饋方式對測驗成績、評分效力、測驗系統滿意度之影響研究，楊亨利 應鳴雄
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網路合作學習系統教學成效之研究－以高職「軟體應用」課程為例，黃華山 邱靖玲 張嘉蘭 郭炳辰 黃鈞彥 周殷菀
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跨資料表自動連結法之SQL語法產生器實作--以健保資料庫為例，蕭文峰 陳源聰 杜明賢
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網誌應用於個案教學分析的探索性研究，吳錦波 陳衍樺
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導入LM法之平行倒傳遞演算法，趙景明 梁淑芳
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消費者對網際網路自助服務技術接受度之研究，顏永森
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線上測驗系統的評分機制及回饋方式對測驗成績、評分效力、測驗系統滿意度之影響研究，楊亨利 應鳴雄
電腦測驗是資訊教育上的重要議題，許多教育單位及企業組織，利用線上測驗系統來進行學員的學習成效評量。但是填充題及問答題等類型在線上測驗系統的評分實施上仍有許多問題需克服，其評分結果也與傳統紙筆測驗教師評分結果不同，並產生嚴重的測驗評分等化問題。本研究在探討評分機制種類及回饋種類對於測驗成績、評分效力、測驗系統滿意度之影響。為了使線上測驗能具備與傳統測驗相同的評量效力，本研究提出一個智慧型評分機制概念，以期望能解決測驗系統評分效力問題。研究結果顯示評分機制對於測驗成績、評分效力及系統滿意度會產生影響，測驗回饋種類對於系統滿意度也會產生影響。而線上測驗系統若要具備教師紙筆評分的效力，則可在評分機制中提供具有智慧評分能力的機制，另外測驗系統的滿意度也可透過評分機制、回饋種類來提升。
關鍵字：線上測驗、智慧評分機制、電腦自我效能、系統滿意、測驗等化
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網路合作學習系統教學成效之研究－以高職「軟體應用」課程為例，黃華山 邱靖玲 張嘉蘭 郭炳辰 黃鈞彥 周殷菀
本研究是運用合作學習的教學方式結合網路技術，建置一個以動態方式呈現的網路合作學習平台，以提供該課程的教師教學與學生自學之應用。並以國立某高職商用資訊科的兩班學生作為研究樣本，一組為實驗組，實施網路合作學習；一組為控制組，實施傳統教學。實驗為期十六週，除了對照比較兩組在學習成效上的差異，並對實驗組實施系統滿意度的問卷調查，以及對網路合作學習意見的訪談並作成紀錄。研究結果發現：實驗組實施網路合作學習之後的學習成效高於控制組的學習成效，同時問卷及訪談結果也顯示出實施網路合作學習對滿意度及學習成效是有幫助的。
關鍵字︰網路合作學習、合作學習、學習成效
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跨資料表自動連結法之SQL語法產生器實作--以健保資料庫為例，蕭文峰 陳源聰 杜明賢
依據資料庫設計準則，理想的資料表應只包含單一實體，而詳細的資訊則可由使用額外的資料表及連結命令(join)來獲得。因此，跨資料表間資料查詢一直是結構化查詢語言(SQL)研究的重要議題。然而，連結查詢的成功與否與連結條件的設定有密切關係。目前實作上的限制是要求資料表間必須有直接的連結條件。在實務上，使用者卻很少注意所查詢的資料表間是否存在直接關聯(relation)，如此常造成查詢失敗與挫折。如何讓使用者能很自然地完成此類查詢，是一大挑戰。本研究提出將資料表視為圖形上的端點，並利用廣度優先搜尋法(Breath-First Search, BFS)及修剪演算法來找出資料表間的中介資料表及連結條件，以完成跨資料表查詢。由系統執行結果顯示，本研究所提方法可有效解決資料表間無直接連結條件的查詢問題。
關鍵字：連結查詢、查詢圖、廣度優先搜尋法、連結條件
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網誌應用於個案教學分析的探索性研究，吳錦波 陳衍樺
本研究目的在於瞭解影響學生使用網誌的使用意圖與行為的因素，研究對象為修習資管管理導論課程的資管系學生，教學設計以個案教學法為主。本研究援引科技接受與使用整合模式（Venkatesh, 2003）為主要研究架構，探討績效期望、努力期望、社會影響與促成因素等四個預測變項對使用意圖之影響。
研究發現如下：
（1）績效期望、努力期望、社會影響均對使用意圖有顯著正向影響，其中以績效期望最能有效預測使用意圖。
（2）使用意圖對使用行為並無顯著影響。
（3）僅有績效期望對使用行為有正向顯著影響，其餘因素均無。
歸納其結果，學生雖對網誌學習方式是抱持正面的評價，但不等同於實際行為的發生。因此，建議教學者應設計良好教學方式與活動來提升同學參與程度，建立完善的教學管理制度掌握學習狀況，系統開發者則應改善網誌系統使用介面，強化知識管理功能，以減少使用上的障礙，才能提高同學的使用意願。
關鍵字：網誌、網路教學、UTAUT模式
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導入LM法之平行倒傳遞演算法，趙景明 梁淑芳
傳統的倒傳遞類神經網路採用最陡坡降法(Steepest Descent Method)來訓練與更新權值，具有以下缺點：(1)容易收斂至局部最小值(Local Minima)；(2)權值更新速率慢，學習時間長；(3)可能造成發散結果。
基於上述倒傳遞類神經網路的缺點， 本文提出LM-HLP (LevenbergMarquardt-Hidden Layer Partition)演算法，希望將傳統倒傳遞演算法加以改良。將傳統的倒傳遞演算法原本採用的最陡坡降訓練法則，改採用Levenberg Marquardt (LM)訓練法則，並且使用批次學習法來訓練倒傳遞類神經網路，加上Block_Cyclic 分佈方法將輸入的大量資料平均分配到各處理器上，以平行處理的方式執行倒傳遞的學習演算法。本文所提出之LM-HLP 演算法可以讓倒傳遞類神經網路的學習過程更有效率且讓結果不易陷入局部最小值。
關鍵字：類神經網路、倒傳遞演算法、Levenberg-Marquardt、Block_Cyclic、平行處理
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消費者對網際網路自助服務技術接受度之研究，顏永森
本研究主要目的在於探討網際網路自助服務對消費者技術接受度的影響，自助服務不斷地改變企業與顧客的互動方式，創造出服務的成果。在過去學術文獻中，大部份都強調人際間動態的服務，但對於藉由技術所發展的自助傳送方式與顧客互動則並不多見。本研究係以質性研究方法，訪問五家網路公司，並且與116位關鍵消費者進行深度訪談，本文發現網站自助服務與消費者對技術接受度的關係，結論可作為未來發展新自助服務的參考。
關鍵字：網際網路自助服務(WBSS)，技術接受模型(TAM)，合理行動理論(TRA)，服務品質
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Journal of Information
Management, Vol. 8, No.2, December. 2006
Abstract
The Influence of Scoring Mechanism and Feedback of Online Testing System on Testing Score, Scoring Effect, and System Satisfaction
Heng-Li Yang
Ming-Hsiung Ying
The computer-based or online testing has been one of important topics of information education. However, traditional online tests do not provide fill-in-blank items because of grading problems. This research hopes to demonstrate that if properly designed, an online test could achieve the same test effectiveness as manual paper-and-pencil tests.
Furthermore, in order to understand the influence of scoring mechanism and feedback of online testing system on testing score, scoring effect, and system satisfaction, this research built an online test prototype system to provide both traditional and intelligent online test scoring mechanisms, and both KR feedback and comprehensive feedback. 120 students participated in an experiment to compare the differences of testing score, scoring effect, and system satisfaction.
The result indicated that different scoring mechanisms would have a significant effect on test score, scoring effect, and system satisfaction. The different feedback types would have a significant effect on system satisfaction. The prior knowledge and computer self-efficacy would have a significant effect on test scores, but computer self-efficacy would not have a significant effect on system satisfaction. The intelligent scoring mechanism could be equivalent to manual tests.
Keywords: Online Test, Intelligent Scoring Mechanism, Test Score Equation, Computer Self-Efficacy, System Satisfaction
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A Study of Web-Based Cooperative Learning System's Teaching Effect
Hua-shan Huang
Ching -Liang Chiu
Chia-Lang Chang
Ping-Chen Kuo
Chun-Yen Huang
Yin-Wan Chou
This study establishes a dynamic interactive e-learning platform based on cooperative learning method over Internet to provide a practice application for instructor assistant and students’ self-learning. An experiment for validating this study is arranged in two groups: an experimental group and a controlling group from two business information classes’ students in a public vocational high school. The experimental group is instructed by the cooperative e-learning method while the controlling group is instructed by the traditional teaching method. The learning performances of the experiment are recorded by satisfaction polls and vocal interview after 16 weeks. As result indicated, the experimental group with the cooperative e-learning method has higher performance than the controlling group with the traditional teaching method, and the interview records also showed that the cooperative e-learning method over Internet is helpful for student satisfaction and learning effectiveness.
Keywords: web-based cooperative learning, cooperative learning, learning achievement
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Implementing a SQL Generator for Joining Multiple Tables without Direct Relationships Using Databases in Health Insurance as an Example
Wen-Feng Hsiao
Yuan-Tsung Chen
Ming-Hsien Tu
According to the database design criteria, each table should contain only a single entity; further information should be obtained by using additional tables and by conducting the join operation. Therefore, multiple tables query has long been an important research issue for Structure Query Language (SQL). However, the success of a join query depends on the correctness of the join conditions. The current implementation is restricted by that the query should have direct joins. However, users seldom take notice of whether such relations do exist among their query tables. Therefore, they often commit to failure and thus are frustrated. How to allow users to conduct their query seamlessly is, therefore, a big challenge. This study proposes a graph-based approach to facilitate join operations. Each table is represented as a vertex, and each join condition as an edge. The breath-first search (BFS) and a follow-up pruning operation are, then, used to find the intermediate table(s) and join conditions, The empirical result shows that our method can effectively solve the query requirements, in which tables have no direct join conditions.
Keywords: join query, query graph, breath-first search, join conditions
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The Application of Blog in Case Teaching—An Exploratory Study
Jiin-Po Wu
Yen-Hua Chen
The purpose of this study is to investigate the intention to use and other behavioral factors that affect the ultimate usage of blogs. Research subjects include students who are majoring in the area of information management and are enrolled in an introductory information management course. Adopting the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) proposed by Venkatesh et al. (2003), as a research framework, this research investigates the effects of four predictor variables, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions on behavioral intention. Major research results are as followed:
1. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence have positive effects on the behavioral intention. Among those variables, performance expectancy is the most effective variable.
2. Behavioral intention does not have effects on use behavior.
3. Performance expectancy is the only variable that has positive effects on use behavior and no other predictor variables have effects on performance expectancy.
Overall, the research results show that learners towards blogs’ support of learning have positive evaluation. But behavioral intention doesn’t mean use behavior. Therefore, the research suggests that teachers need to design appropriate pedagogy, including interesting way of teaching and activities, to promote learner’s participation. In addition, creating flawless systems for better learners’ control is a necessity. For designers, it is strongly suggested to improve the user interfaces, strengthen the knowledge management functions, reduce usage barrier, and thus, enhance the learner’s willingness to use blogs in support of learning.
keywords: Blog, E-learning, UTAUT Model
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A Parallel Back-Propagation Algorithm with the Levenberg Marquardt Method
Ching-Ming Chao
Sue-Fang Liang
Traditional Back Propagation Network (BPN) adopts the steepest descent method to train and update weight values. It has the following shortcomings: (1) apt to convergence to local minima (2) slowly updated weight values and long learning time (3) possibly causing divergent results if the learning speed value increases too much too fast.
Duo to the above shortcomings of the traditional BPN, this paper proposes the Levenberg Marquardt-Hidden Layer Partition (LM-HLP) algorithm to improve the traditional BPN. We use the Levenberg Marquardt method in BPN to substitute for the steepest descent training method. In addition, we use the batch learning method to load the dataset and use the block_cyclic distribution method to divide the dataset to processors averagely. Finally, we implement the BP learning algorithm by the parallel processing method. The LM-HLP algorithm proposed in this paper not only makes the learning process of BPN more efficient but also makes it more difficult to trap into local minimum.
Key words: Artificial Neural Network, Back-Propagation Algorithm, Levenberg-Marquardt, Block_Cyclic, Parallel Processing
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A Study of the Consumer’s Technology Acceptance on Web-Based Self-Service
Yung-Shen Yen
The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing customer’s technology acceptance on web-based self-services. Self-services are increasingly changing the way customers interact with firms to create service outcomes. Given that the emphasis in the academic literature has focused almost exclusively on the interpersonal dynamics of service encounters, there is much to be learned about customer interactions with technology-based self-service delivery options. This study used qualitative research methodology to investigate five firms supporting self-service systems of web sites, and conducted an in-depth interview with 116 critical customers who have transaction experiences. We explored the relationships between the web-based self-services and customer’s technology acceptance. The results obtained may be helpful for web sites in developing new self-service technology.
Keyword: web-based self-service(WBSS), Technology Acceptance Model(TAM), Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA) , service quality
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